feat(queue): 优化用户消息队列锁释放时机

将队列锁释放时机从"请求完成后"提前到"请求发送后"，因为 Claude API
限流（RPM）基于请求发送时刻计算，无需等待响应完成。

主要变更：
- 移除锁续租机制（startLockRenewal、refreshUserMessageLock）
- 所有 relay 服务在请求发送成功后立即释放锁
- 流式请求通过 onResponseStart 回调在收到响应头时释放
- 调整默认配置：timeoutMs 60s→5s，lockTtlMs 120s→5s
- 新增 USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_LOCK_TTL_MS 环境变量支持

CLAUDE.md

@@ -186,9 +186,10 @@ npm run service:stop          # 停止服务
 - `CLAUDE_OVERLOAD_HANDLING_MINUTES`: Claude 529错误处理持续时间（分钟，0表示禁用）
 - `STICKY_SESSION_TTL_HOURS`: 粘性会话TTL（小时，默认1）
 - `STICKY_SESSION_RENEWAL_THRESHOLD_MINUTES`: 粘性会话续期阈值（分钟，默认0）
-- `USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_ENABLED`: 启用用户消息串行队列（默认true）
+- `USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_ENABLED`: 启用用户消息串行队列（默认false）
 - `USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_DELAY_MS`: 用户消息请求间隔（毫秒，默认200）
-- `USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_TIMEOUT_MS`: 队列等待超时（毫秒，默认30000）
+- `USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_TIMEOUT_MS`: 队列等待超时（毫秒，默认5000，锁持有时间短无需长等待）
+- `USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_LOCK_TTL_MS`: 锁TTL（毫秒，默认5000，请求发送后立即释放无需长TTL）
 - `METRICS_WINDOW`: 实时指标统计窗口（分钟，1-60，默认5）
 - `MAX_API_KEYS_PER_USER`: 每用户最大API Key数量（默认1）
 - `ALLOW_USER_DELETE_API_KEYS`: 允许用户删除自己的API Keys（默认false）
@@ -341,7 +342,7 @@ npm run setup  # 自动生成密钥并创建管理员账户
 11. **速率限制未清理**: rateLimitCleanupService每5分钟自动清理过期限流状态
 12. **成本统计不准确**: 运行 `npm run init:costs` 初始化成本数据，检查pricingService是否正确加载模型价格
 13. **缓存命中率低**: 查看缓存监控统计，调整LRU缓存大小配置
-14. **用户消息队列超时**: 检查 `USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_TIMEOUT_MS` 配置是否合理，查看日志中的 `queue_timeout` 错误，可通过 Web 界面或 `USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_ENABLED=false` 禁用此功能
+14. **用户消息队列超时**: 优化后锁持有时间已从分钟级降到毫秒级（请求发送后立即释放），默认 `USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_TIMEOUT_MS=5000` 已足够。如仍有超时，检查网络延迟或禁用此功能（`USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_ENABLED=false`）
 
 ### 调试工具
 

config/config.example.js

@@ -206,11 +206,12 @@ const config = {
   },
 
   // 📬 用户消息队列配置
+  // 优化说明：锁在请求发送成功后立即释放（而非请求完成后），因为 Claude API 限流基于请求发送时刻计算
   userMessageQueue: {
     enabled: process.env.USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_ENABLED === 'true', // 默认关闭
-    delayMs: parseInt(process.env.USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_DELAY_MS) || 100, // 请求间隔（毫秒）
+    delayMs: parseInt(process.env.USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_DELAY_MS) || 200, // 请求间隔（毫秒）
-    timeoutMs: parseInt(process.env.USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_TIMEOUT_MS) || 60000, // 队列等待超时（毫秒）
+    timeoutMs: parseInt(process.env.USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_TIMEOUT_MS) || 5000, // 队列等待超时（毫秒），锁持有时间短，无需长等待
-    lockTtlMs: 120000 // 锁租约TTL（毫秒），会在请求期间自动续租以防死锁
+    lockTtlMs: parseInt(process.env.USER_MESSAGE_QUEUE_LOCK_TTL_MS) || 5000 // 锁TTL（毫秒），5秒足以覆盖请求发送
   }
 }
 

src/app.js

@@ -669,10 +669,9 @@ class Application {
             logger.error('❌ Error stopping rate limit cleanup service:', error)
           }
 
-          // 停止用户消息队列清理服务和续租定时器
+          // 停止用户消息队列清理服务
           try {
             const userMessageQueueService = require('./services/userMessageQueueService')
-            userMessageQueueService.stopAllRenewalTimers()
             userMessageQueueService.stopCleanupTask()
             logger.info('📬 User message queue service stopped')
           } catch (error) {

src/models/redis.js

@@ -2626,38 +2626,6 @@ redisClient.acquireUserMessageLock = async function (accountId, requestId, lockT
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * 续租用户消息队列锁（仅锁持有者可续租）
- * @param {string} accountId - 账户ID
- * @param {string} requestId - 请求ID
- * @param {number} lockTtlMs - 锁 TTL（毫秒）
- * @returns {Promise<boolean>} 是否续租成功（只有锁持有者才能续租）
- */
-redisClient.refreshUserMessageLock = async function (accountId, requestId, lockTtlMs) {
-  const lockKey = `user_msg_queue_lock:${accountId}`
-
-  const script = `
-    local lockKey = KEYS[1]
-    local requestId = ARGV[1]
-    local lockTtl = tonumber(ARGV[2])
-
-    local currentLock = redis.call('GET', lockKey)
-    if currentLock == requestId then
-      redis.call('PEXPIRE', lockKey, lockTtl)
-      return 1
-    end
-    return 0
-  `
-
-  try {
-    const result = await this.client.eval(script, 1, lockKey, requestId, lockTtlMs)
-    return result === 1
-  } catch (error) {
-    logger.error(`Failed to refresh user message lock for account ${accountId}:`, error)
-    return false
-  }
-}
-
 /**
  * 释放用户消息队列锁并记录完成时间
  * @param {string} accountId - 账户ID

src/services/bedrockRelayService.js

@@ -73,7 +73,6 @@ class BedrockRelayService {
     const accountId = bedrockAccount?.id
     let queueLockAcquired = false
     let queueRequestId = null
-    let queueLockRenewalStopper = null
 
     try {
       // 📬 用户消息队列处理
@@ -127,9 +126,8 @@ class BedrockRelayService {
         if (queueResult.acquired && !queueResult.skipped) {
           queueLockAcquired = true
           queueRequestId = queueResult.requestId
-          queueLockRenewalStopper = await userMessageQueueService.startLockRenewal(
+          logger.debug(
-            accountId,
+            `📬 User message queue lock acquired for Bedrock account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
-            queueRequestId
           )
         }
       }
@@ -154,6 +152,23 @@ class BedrockRelayService {
       const response = await client.send(command)
       const duration = Date.now() - startTime
 
+      // 📬 请求已发送成功，立即释放队列锁（无需等待响应处理完成）
+      // 因为限流基于请求发送时刻计算（RPM），不是请求完成时刻
+      if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && accountId) {
+        try {
+          await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(accountId, queueRequestId)
+          queueLockAcquired = false // 标记已释放，防止 finally 重复释放
+          logger.debug(
+            `📬 User message queue lock released early for Bedrock account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+          )
+        } catch (releaseError) {
+          logger.error(
+            `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock early for Bedrock account ${accountId}:`,
+            releaseError.message
+          )
+        }
+      }
+
       // 解析响应
       const responseBody = JSON.parse(new TextDecoder().decode(response.body))
       const claudeResponse = this._convertFromBedrockFormat(responseBody)
@@ -171,13 +186,13 @@ class BedrockRelayService {
       logger.error('❌ Bedrock非流式请求失败:', error)
       throw this._handleBedrockError(error)
     } finally {
-      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁
+      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁（兜底，正常情况下已在请求发送后提前释放）
       if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && accountId) {
         try {
-          if (queueLockRenewalStopper) {
-            queueLockRenewalStopper()
-          }
           await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(accountId, queueRequestId)
+          logger.debug(
+            `📬 User message queue lock released in finally for Bedrock account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+          )
         } catch (releaseError) {
           logger.error(
             `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock for Bedrock account ${accountId}:`,
@@ -193,7 +208,6 @@ class BedrockRelayService {
     const accountId = bedrockAccount?.id
     let queueLockAcquired = false
     let queueRequestId = null
-    let queueLockRenewalStopper = null
 
     try {
       // 📬 用户消息队列处理
@@ -252,9 +266,8 @@ class BedrockRelayService {
         if (queueResult.acquired && !queueResult.skipped) {
           queueLockAcquired = true
           queueRequestId = queueResult.requestId
-          queueLockRenewalStopper = await userMessageQueueService.startLockRenewal(
+          logger.debug(
-            accountId,
+            `📬 User message queue lock acquired for Bedrock account ${accountId} (stream), requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
-            queueRequestId
           )
         }
       }
@@ -278,6 +291,23 @@ class BedrockRelayService {
       const startTime = Date.now()
       const response = await client.send(command)
 
+      // 📬 请求已发送成功，立即释放队列锁（无需等待响应处理完成）
+      // 因为限流基于请求发送时刻计算（RPM），不是请求完成时刻
+      if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && accountId) {
+        try {
+          await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(accountId, queueRequestId)
+          queueLockAcquired = false // 标记已释放，防止 finally 重复释放
+          logger.debug(
+            `📬 User message queue lock released early for Bedrock stream account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+          )
+        } catch (releaseError) {
+          logger.error(
+            `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock early for Bedrock stream account ${accountId}:`,
+            releaseError.message
+          )
+        }
+      }
+
       // 设置SSE响应头
       res.writeHead(200, {
         'Content-Type': 'text/event-stream',
@@ -339,13 +369,13 @@ class BedrockRelayService {
 
       throw this._handleBedrockError(error)
     } finally {
-      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁
+      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁（兜底，正常情况下已在请求发送后提前释放）
       if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && accountId) {
         try {
-          if (queueLockRenewalStopper) {
-            queueLockRenewalStopper()
-          }
           await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(accountId, queueRequestId)
+          logger.debug(
+            `📬 User message queue lock released in finally for Bedrock stream account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+          )
         } catch (releaseError) {
           logger.error(
             `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock for Bedrock stream account ${accountId}:`,

src/services/ccrRelayService.js

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ class CcrRelayService {
     let account = null
     let queueLockAcquired = false
     let queueRequestId = null
-    let queueLockRenewalStopper = null
 
     try {
       // 📬 用户消息队列处理
@@ -78,9 +77,8 @@ class CcrRelayService {
         if (queueResult.acquired && !queueResult.skipped) {
           queueLockAcquired = true
           queueRequestId = queueResult.requestId
-          queueLockRenewalStopper = await userMessageQueueService.startLockRenewal(
+          logger.debug(
-            accountId,
+            `📬 User message queue lock acquired for CCR account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
-            queueRequestId
           )
         }
       }
@@ -224,6 +222,23 @@ class CcrRelayService {
       )
       const response = await axios(requestConfig)
 
+      // 📬 请求已发送成功，立即释放队列锁（无需等待响应处理完成）
+      // 因为 Claude API 限流基于请求发送时刻计算（RPM），不是请求完成时刻
+      if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && accountId) {
+        try {
+          await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(accountId, queueRequestId)
+          queueLockAcquired = false // 标记已释放，防止 finally 重复释放
+          logger.debug(
+            `📬 User message queue lock released early for CCR account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+          )
+        } catch (releaseError) {
+          logger.error(
+            `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock early for CCR account ${accountId}:`,
+            releaseError.message
+          )
+        }
+      }
+
       // 移除监听器（请求成功完成）
       if (clientRequest) {
         clientRequest.removeListener('close', handleClientDisconnect)
@@ -296,13 +311,13 @@ class CcrRelayService {
 
       throw error
     } finally {
-      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁
+      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁（兜底，正常情况下已在请求发送后提前释放）
       if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && accountId) {
         try {
-          if (queueLockRenewalStopper) {
-            queueLockRenewalStopper()
-          }
           await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(accountId, queueRequestId)
+          logger.debug(
+            `📬 User message queue lock released in finally for CCR account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+          )
         } catch (releaseError) {
           logger.error(
             `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock for CCR account ${accountId}:`,
@@ -327,7 +342,6 @@ class CcrRelayService {
     let account = null
     let queueLockAcquired = false
     let queueRequestId = null
-    let queueLockRenewalStopper = null
 
     try {
       // 📬 用户消息队列处理
@@ -388,9 +402,8 @@ class CcrRelayService {
         if (queueResult.acquired && !queueResult.skipped) {
           queueLockAcquired = true
           queueRequestId = queueResult.requestId
-          queueLockRenewalStopper = await userMessageQueueService.startLockRenewal(
+          logger.debug(
-            accountId,
+            `📬 User message queue lock acquired for CCR account ${accountId} (stream), requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
-            queueRequestId
           )
         }
       }
@@ -442,7 +455,24 @@ class CcrRelayService {
         accountId,
         usageCallback,
         streamTransformer,
-        options
+        options,
+        // 📬 回调：在收到响应头时释放队列锁
+        async () => {
+          if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && accountId) {
+            try {
+              await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(accountId, queueRequestId)
+              queueLockAcquired = false // 标记已释放，防止 finally 重复释放
+              logger.debug(
+                `📬 User message queue lock released early for CCR stream account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+              )
+            } catch (releaseError) {
+              logger.error(
+                `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock early for CCR stream account ${accountId}:`,
+                releaseError.message
+              )
+            }
+          }
+        }
       )
 
       // 更新最后使用时间
@@ -451,13 +481,13 @@ class CcrRelayService {
       logger.error(`❌ CCR stream relay failed (Account: ${account?.name || accountId}):`, error)
       throw error
     } finally {
-      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁
+      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁（兜底，正常情况下已在收到响应头后提前释放）
       if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && accountId) {
         try {
-          if (queueLockRenewalStopper) {
-            queueLockRenewalStopper()
-          }
           await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(accountId, queueRequestId)
+          logger.debug(
+            `📬 User message queue lock released in finally for CCR stream account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+          )
         } catch (releaseError) {
           logger.error(
             `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock for CCR stream account ${accountId}:`,
@@ -478,7 +508,8 @@ class CcrRelayService {
     accountId,
     usageCallback,
     streamTransformer = null,
-    requestOptions = {}
+    requestOptions = {},
+    onResponseHeaderReceived = null
   ) {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
       let aborted = false
@@ -541,8 +572,11 @@ class CcrRelayService {
       // 发送请求
       const request = axios(requestConfig)
 
+      // 注意：使用 .then(async ...) 模式处理响应
+      // - 内部的 releaseQueueLock 有独立的 try-catch，不会导致未捕获异常
+      // - queueLockAcquired = false 的赋值会在 finally 执行前完成（JS 单线程保证）
       request
-        .then((response) => {
+        .then(async (response) => {
           logger.debug(`🌊 CCR stream response status: ${response.status}`)
 
           // 错误响应处理
@@ -592,6 +626,19 @@ class CcrRelayService {
             return
           }
 
+          // 📬 收到成功响应头（HTTP 200），调用回调释放队列锁
+          // 此时请求已被 Claude API 接受并计入 RPM 配额，无需等待响应完成
+          if (onResponseHeaderReceived && typeof onResponseHeaderReceived === 'function') {
+            try {
+              await onResponseHeaderReceived()
+            } catch (callbackError) {
+              logger.error(
+                `❌ Failed to execute onResponseHeaderReceived callback for CCR stream account ${accountId}:`,
+                callbackError.message
+              )
+            }
+          }
+
           // 成功响应，检查并移除错误状态
           ccrAccountService.isAccountRateLimited(accountId).then((isRateLimited) => {
             if (isRateLimited) {

src/services/claudeConsoleRelayService.js

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ class ClaudeConsoleRelayService {
     let concurrencyAcquired = false
     let queueLockAcquired = false
     let queueRequestId = null
-    let queueLockRenewalStopper = null
 
     try {
       // 📬 用户消息队列处理：如果是用户消息请求，需要获取队列锁
@@ -87,10 +86,6 @@ class ClaudeConsoleRelayService {
         if (queueResult.acquired && !queueResult.skipped) {
           queueLockAcquired = true
           queueRequestId = queueResult.requestId
-          queueLockRenewalStopper = await userMessageQueueService.startLockRenewal(
-            accountId,
-            queueRequestId
-          )
           logger.debug(
             `📬 User message queue lock acquired for console account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
           )
@@ -269,6 +264,23 @@ class ClaudeConsoleRelayService {
       )
       const response = await axios(requestConfig)
 
+      // 📬 请求已发送成功，立即释放队列锁（无需等待响应处理完成）
+      // 因为 Claude API 限流基于请求发送时刻计算（RPM），不是请求完成时刻
+      if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && accountId) {
+        try {
+          await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(accountId, queueRequestId)
+          queueLockAcquired = false // 标记已释放，防止 finally 重复释放
+          logger.debug(
+            `📬 User message queue lock released early for console account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+          )
+        } catch (releaseError) {
+          logger.error(
+            `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock early for console account ${accountId}:`,
+            releaseError.message
+          )
+        }
+      }
+
       // 移除监听器（请求成功完成）
       if (clientRequest) {
         clientRequest.removeListener('close', handleClientDisconnect)
@@ -433,13 +445,13 @@ class ClaudeConsoleRelayService {
         }
       }
 
-      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁
+      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁（兜底，正常情况下已在请求发送后提前释放）
       if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && accountId) {
         try {
-          if (queueLockRenewalStopper) {
-            queueLockRenewalStopper()
-          }
           await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(accountId, queueRequestId)
+          logger.debug(
+            `📬 User message queue lock released in finally for console account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+          )
         } catch (releaseError) {
           logger.error(
             `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock for account ${accountId}:`,
@@ -467,7 +479,6 @@ class ClaudeConsoleRelayService {
     let leaseRefreshInterval = null // 租约刷新定时器
     let queueLockAcquired = false
     let queueRequestId = null
-    let queueLockRenewalStopper = null
 
     try {
       // 📬 用户消息队列处理：如果是用户消息请求，需要获取队列锁
@@ -522,10 +533,6 @@ class ClaudeConsoleRelayService {
         if (queueResult.acquired && !queueResult.skipped) {
           queueLockAcquired = true
           queueRequestId = queueResult.requestId
-          queueLockRenewalStopper = await userMessageQueueService.startLockRenewal(
-            accountId,
-            queueRequestId
-          )
           logger.debug(
             `📬 User message queue lock acquired for console account ${accountId} (stream), requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
           )
@@ -629,7 +636,24 @@ class ClaudeConsoleRelayService {
         accountId,
         usageCallback,
         streamTransformer,
-        options
+        options,
+        // 📬 回调：在收到响应头时释放队列锁
+        async () => {
+          if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && accountId) {
+            try {
+              await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(accountId, queueRequestId)
+              queueLockAcquired = false // 标记已释放，防止 finally 重复释放
+              logger.debug(
+                `📬 User message queue lock released early for console stream account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+              )
+            } catch (releaseError) {
+              logger.error(
+                `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock early for console stream account ${accountId}:`,
+                releaseError.message
+              )
+            }
+          }
+        }
       )
 
       // 更新最后使用时间
@@ -664,13 +688,13 @@ class ClaudeConsoleRelayService {
         }
       }
 
-      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁
+      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁（兜底，正常情况下已在收到响应头后提前释放）
       if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && accountId) {
         try {
-          if (queueLockRenewalStopper) {
-            queueLockRenewalStopper()
-          }
           await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(accountId, queueRequestId)
+          logger.debug(
+            `📬 User message queue lock released in finally for console stream account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+          )
         } catch (releaseError) {
           logger.error(
             `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock for stream account ${accountId}:`,
@@ -691,7 +715,8 @@ class ClaudeConsoleRelayService {
     accountId,
     usageCallback,
     streamTransformer = null,
-    requestOptions = {}
+    requestOptions = {},
+    onResponseHeaderReceived = null
   ) {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
       let aborted = false
@@ -754,8 +779,11 @@ class ClaudeConsoleRelayService {
       // 发送请求
       const request = axios(requestConfig)
 
+      // 注意：使用 .then(async ...) 模式处理响应
+      // - 内部的 releaseQueueLock 有独立的 try-catch，不会导致未捕获异常
+      // - queueLockAcquired = false 的赋值会在 finally 执行前完成（JS 单线程保证）
       request
-        .then((response) => {
+        .then(async (response) => {
           logger.debug(`🌊 Claude Console Claude stream response status: ${response.status}`)
 
           // 错误响应处理
@@ -862,6 +890,19 @@ class ClaudeConsoleRelayService {
             return
           }
 
+          // 📬 收到成功响应头（HTTP 200），调用回调释放队列锁
+          // 此时请求已被 Claude API 接受并计入 RPM 配额，无需等待响应完成
+          if (onResponseHeaderReceived && typeof onResponseHeaderReceived === 'function') {
+            try {
+              await onResponseHeaderReceived()
+            } catch (callbackError) {
+              logger.error(
+                `❌ Failed to execute onResponseHeaderReceived callback for console stream account ${accountId}:`,
+                callbackError.message
+              )
+            }
+          }
+
           // 成功响应，检查并移除错误状态
           claudeConsoleAccountService.isAccountRateLimited(accountId).then((isRateLimited) => {
             if (isRateLimited) {

src/services/claudeRelayConfigService.js

@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@ const DEFAULT_CONFIG = {
   sessionBindingTtlDays: 30, // 会话绑定 TTL（天），默认30天
   // 用户消息队列配置
   userMessageQueueEnabled: false, // 是否启用用户消息队列（默认关闭）
-  userMessageQueueDelayMs: 100, // 请求间隔（毫秒）
+  userMessageQueueDelayMs: 200, // 请求间隔（毫秒）
-  userMessageQueueTimeoutMs: 60000, // 队列超时（毫秒）
+  userMessageQueueTimeoutMs: 5000, // 队列等待超时（毫秒），优化后锁持有时间短无需长等待
+  userMessageQueueLockTtlMs: 5000, // 锁TTL（毫秒），请求发送后立即释放无需长TTL
   updatedAt: null,
   updatedBy: null
 }
@@ -320,11 +321,11 @@ class ClaudeRelayConfigService {
 
   /**
    * 验证新会话请求
-   * @param {Object} requestBody - 请求体
+   * @param {Object} _requestBody - 请求体（预留参数，当前未使用）
    * @param {string} originalSessionId - 原始会话ID
    * @returns {Promise<Object>} { valid: boolean, error?: string, binding?: object, isNewSession?: boolean }
    */
-  async validateNewSession(requestBody, originalSessionId) {
+  async validateNewSession(_requestBody, originalSessionId) {
     const cfg = await this.getConfig()
 
     if (!cfg.globalSessionBindingEnabled) {

src/services/claudeRelayService.js

@@ -151,7 +151,6 @@ class ClaudeRelayService {
     let upstreamRequest = null
     let queueLockAcquired = false
     let queueRequestId = null
-    let queueLockRenewalStopper = null
     let selectedAccountId = null
 
     try {
@@ -255,10 +254,6 @@ class ClaudeRelayService {
         if (queueResult.acquired && !queueResult.skipped) {
           queueLockAcquired = true
           queueRequestId = queueResult.requestId
-          queueLockRenewalStopper = await userMessageQueueService.startLockRenewal(
-            accountId,
-            queueRequestId
-          )
           logger.debug(
             `📬 User message queue lock acquired for account ${accountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
           )
@@ -339,6 +334,23 @@ class ClaudeRelayService {
         options
       )
 
+      // 📬 请求已发送成功，立即释放队列锁（无需等待响应处理完成）
+      // 因为 Claude API 限流基于请求发送时刻计算（RPM），不是请求完成时刻
+      if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && selectedAccountId) {
+        try {
+          await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(selectedAccountId, queueRequestId)
+          queueLockAcquired = false // 标记已释放，防止 finally 重复释放
+          logger.debug(
+            `📬 User message queue lock released early for account ${selectedAccountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+          )
+        } catch (releaseError) {
+          logger.error(
+            `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock early for account ${selectedAccountId}:`,
+            releaseError.message
+          )
+        }
+      }
+
       response.accountId = accountId
       response.accountType = accountType
 
@@ -608,13 +620,13 @@ class ClaudeRelayService {
       )
       throw error
     } finally {
-      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁
+      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁（兜底，正常情况下已在请求发送后提前释放）
       if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && selectedAccountId) {
         try {
-          if (queueLockRenewalStopper) {
-            queueLockRenewalStopper()
-          }
           await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(selectedAccountId, queueRequestId)
+          logger.debug(
+            `📬 User message queue lock released in finally for account ${selectedAccountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+          )
         } catch (releaseError) {
           logger.error(
             `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock for account ${selectedAccountId}:`,
@@ -1245,7 +1257,6 @@ class ClaudeRelayService {
   ) {
     let queueLockAcquired = false
     let queueRequestId = null
-    let queueLockRenewalStopper = null
     let selectedAccountId = null
 
     try {
@@ -1350,10 +1361,6 @@ class ClaudeRelayService {
         if (queueResult.acquired && !queueResult.skipped) {
           queueLockAcquired = true
           queueRequestId = queueResult.requestId
-          queueLockRenewalStopper = await userMessageQueueService.startLockRenewal(
-            accountId,
-            queueRequestId
-          )
           logger.debug(
             `📬 User message queue lock acquired for account ${accountId} (stream), requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
           )
@@ -1425,19 +1432,36 @@ class ClaudeRelayService {
         sessionHash,
         streamTransformer,
         options,
-        isDedicatedOfficialAccount
+        isDedicatedOfficialAccount,
+        // 📬 新增回调：在收到响应头时释放队列锁
+        async () => {
+          if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && selectedAccountId) {
+            try {
+              await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(selectedAccountId, queueRequestId)
+              queueLockAcquired = false // 标记已释放，防止 finally 重复释放
+              logger.debug(
+                `📬 User message queue lock released early for stream account ${selectedAccountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+              )
+            } catch (releaseError) {
+              logger.error(
+                `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock early for stream account ${selectedAccountId}:`,
+                releaseError.message
+              )
+            }
+          }
+        }
       )
     } catch (error) {
       logger.error(`❌ Claude stream relay with usage capture failed:`, error)
       throw error
     } finally {
-      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁
+      // 📬 释放用户消息队列锁（兜底，正常情况下已在收到响应头后提前释放）
       if (queueLockAcquired && queueRequestId && selectedAccountId) {
         try {
-          if (queueLockRenewalStopper) {
-            queueLockRenewalStopper()
-          }
           await userMessageQueueService.releaseQueueLock(selectedAccountId, queueRequestId)
+          logger.debug(
+            `📬 User message queue lock released in finally for stream account ${selectedAccountId}, requestId: ${queueRequestId}`
+          )
         } catch (releaseError) {
           logger.error(
             `❌ Failed to release user message queue lock for stream account ${selectedAccountId}:`,
@@ -1461,7 +1485,8 @@ class ClaudeRelayService {
     sessionHash,
     streamTransformer = null,
     requestOptions = {},
-    isDedicatedOfficialAccount = false
+    isDedicatedOfficialAccount = false,
+    onResponseStart = null // 📬 新增：收到响应头时的回调，用于提前释放队列锁
   ) {
     // 获取账户信息用于统一 User-Agent
     const account = await claudeAccountService.getAccount(accountId)
@@ -1707,6 +1732,16 @@ class ClaudeRelayService {
           return
         }
 
+        // 📬 收到成功响应头（HTTP 200），立即调用回调释放队列锁
+        // 此时请求已被 Claude API 接受并计入 RPM 配额，无需等待响应完成
+        if (onResponseStart && typeof onResponseStart === 'function') {
+          try {
+            await onResponseStart()
+          } catch (callbackError) {
+            logger.error('❌ Error in onResponseStart callback:', callbackError.message)
+          }
+        }
+
         let buffer = ''
         const allUsageData = [] // 收集所有的usage事件
         let currentUsageData = {} // 当前正在收集的usage数据

src/services/userMessageQueueService.js

@@ -14,9 +14,6 @@ const logger = require('../utils/logger')
 // 清理任务间隔
 const CLEANUP_INTERVAL_MS = 60000 // 1分钟
 
-// 锁续租最大持续时间（从配置读取，与 REQUEST_TIMEOUT 保持一致）
-const MAX_RENEWAL_DURATION_MS = config.requestTimeout || 10 * 60 * 1000
-
 // 轮询等待配置
 const POLL_INTERVAL_BASE_MS = 50 // 基础轮询间隔
 const POLL_INTERVAL_MAX_MS = 500 // 最大轮询间隔
@@ -25,8 +22,6 @@ const POLL_BACKOFF_FACTOR = 1.5 // 退避因子
 class UserMessageQueueService {
   constructor() {
     this.cleanupTimer = null
-    // 跟踪活跃的续租定时器，用于服务关闭时清理
-    this.activeRenewalTimers = new Map()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -74,12 +69,13 @@ class UserMessageQueueService {
    */
   async getConfig() {
     // 默认配置（防止 config.userMessageQueue 未定义）
+    // 注意：优化后的默认值 - 锁持有时间从分钟级降到毫秒级，无需长等待
     const queueConfig = config.userMessageQueue || {}
     const defaults = {
       enabled: queueConfig.enabled ?? false,
-      delayMs: queueConfig.delayMs ?? 100,
+      delayMs: queueConfig.delayMs ?? 200,
-      timeoutMs: queueConfig.timeoutMs ?? 60000,
+      timeoutMs: queueConfig.timeoutMs ?? 5000, // 从 60000 降到 5000，因为锁持有时间短
-      lockTtlMs: queueConfig.lockTtlMs ?? 120000
+      lockTtlMs: queueConfig.lockTtlMs ?? 5000 // 从 120000 降到 5000，5秒足以覆盖请求发送
     }
 
     // 尝试从 claudeRelayConfigService 获取 Web 界面配置
@@ -100,7 +96,10 @@ class UserMessageQueueService {
           webConfig.userMessageQueueTimeoutMs !== undefined
             ? webConfig.userMessageQueueTimeoutMs
             : defaults.timeoutMs,
-        lockTtlMs: defaults.lockTtlMs
+        lockTtlMs:
+          webConfig.userMessageQueueLockTtlMs !== undefined
+            ? webConfig.userMessageQueueLockTtlMs
+            : defaults.lockTtlMs
       }
     } catch {
       // 回退到环境变量配置
@@ -232,83 +231,6 @@ class UserMessageQueueService {
     return released
   }
 
-  /**
-   * 启动锁续租（防止长连接超过TTL导致锁丢失）
-   * @param {string} accountId - 账户ID
-   * @param {string} requestId - 请求ID
-   * @returns {Promise<Function>} 停止续租的函数
-   */
-  async startLockRenewal(accountId, requestId) {
-    const cfg = await this.getConfig()
-    if (!cfg.enabled || !accountId || !requestId) {
-      return () => {}
-    }
-
-    const intervalMs = Math.max(10000, Math.floor(cfg.lockTtlMs / 2)) // 约一半TTL刷新一次
-    const maxRenewals = Math.ceil(MAX_RENEWAL_DURATION_MS / intervalMs) // 最大续租次数
-    const startTime = Date.now()
-    const timerKey = `${accountId}:${requestId}`
-
-    let stopped = false
-    let renewalCount = 0
-
-    const stopRenewal = () => {
-      if (!stopped) {
-        clearInterval(timer)
-        stopped = true
-        this.activeRenewalTimers.delete(timerKey)
-      }
-    }
-
-    const timer = setInterval(async () => {
-      if (stopped) {
-        return
-      }
-
-      renewalCount++
-
-      // 检查是否超过最大续租次数或最大持续时间
-      if (renewalCount > maxRenewals || Date.now() - startTime > MAX_RENEWAL_DURATION_MS) {
-        logger.warn(`📬 User message queue: max renewal duration exceeded, stopping renewal`, {
-          accountId,
-          requestId,
-          renewalCount,
-          durationMs: Date.now() - startTime
-        })
-        stopRenewal()
-        return
-      }
-
-      try {
-        const refreshed = await redis.refreshUserMessageLock(accountId, requestId, cfg.lockTtlMs)
-        if (!refreshed) {
-          // 锁可能已被释放或超时，停止续租
-          logger.warn(
-            `📬 User message queue: failed to refresh lock (possibly lost), stop renewal`,
-            {
-              accountId,
-              requestId,
-              renewalCount
-            }
-          )
-          stopRenewal()
-        }
-      } catch (error) {
-        logger.error('📬 User message queue: lock renewal error:', error)
-      }
-    }, intervalMs)
-
-    // 避免阻止进程退出
-    if (typeof timer.unref === 'function') {
-      timer.unref()
-    }
-
-    // 跟踪活跃的定时器
-    this.activeRenewalTimers.set(timerKey, { timer, stopRenewal, accountId, requestId, startTime })
-
-    return stopRenewal
-  }
-
   /**
    * 获取队列统计信息
    * @param {string} accountId - 账户ID
@@ -385,32 +307,6 @@ class UserMessageQueueService {
     }
   }
 
-  /**
-   * 停止所有活跃的锁续租定时器（服务关闭时调用）
-   */
-  stopAllRenewalTimers() {
-    const count = this.activeRenewalTimers.size
-    if (count > 0) {
-      for (const [key, { stopRenewal }] of this.activeRenewalTimers) {
-        try {
-          stopRenewal()
-        } catch (error) {
-          logger.error(`📬 User message queue: failed to stop renewal timer ${key}:`, error)
-        }
-      }
-      this.activeRenewalTimers.clear()
-      logger.info(`📬 User message queue: stopped ${count} active renewal timer(s)`)
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * 获取活跃续租定时器数量（用于监控）
-   * @returns {number}
-   */
-  getActiveRenewalCount() {
-    return this.activeRenewalTimers.size
-  }
-
   /**
    * 清理孤儿锁
    * 检测异常情况：锁存在但没有设置过期时间（lockTtlRaw === -1）

tests/userMessageQueue.test.js

@@ -179,88 +179,6 @@ describe('UserMessageQueueService', () => {
     })
   })
 
-  describe('startLockRenewal', () => {
-    beforeEach(() => {
-      jest.useFakeTimers()
-    })
-
-    afterEach(() => {
-      jest.useRealTimers()
-      jest.restoreAllMocks()
-    })
-
-    it('should periodically refresh lock while enabled', async () => {
-      jest.spyOn(userMessageQueueService, 'getConfig').mockResolvedValue({
-        enabled: true,
-        delayMs: 200,
-        timeoutMs: 30000,
-        lockTtlMs: 120000
-      })
-      const refreshSpy = jest.spyOn(redis, 'refreshUserMessageLock').mockResolvedValue(true)
-
-      const stop = await userMessageQueueService.startLockRenewal('acct-1', 'req-1')
-
-      jest.advanceTimersByTime(60000) // 半个TTL
-      await Promise.resolve()
-
-      expect(refreshSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith('acct-1', 'req-1', 120000)
-
-      stop()
-    })
-
-    it('should no-op when queue disabled', async () => {
-      jest.spyOn(userMessageQueueService, 'getConfig').mockResolvedValue({
-        enabled: false,
-        delayMs: 200,
-        timeoutMs: 30000,
-        lockTtlMs: 120000
-      })
-      const refreshSpy = jest.spyOn(redis, 'refreshUserMessageLock').mockResolvedValue(true)
-
-      const stop = await userMessageQueueService.startLockRenewal('acct-1', 'req-1')
-      jest.advanceTimersByTime(120000)
-      await Promise.resolve()
-
-      expect(refreshSpy).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
-      stop()
-    })
-
-    it('should track active renewal timer', async () => {
-      jest.spyOn(userMessageQueueService, 'getConfig').mockResolvedValue({
-        enabled: true,
-        delayMs: 200,
-        timeoutMs: 30000,
-        lockTtlMs: 120000
-      })
-      jest.spyOn(redis, 'refreshUserMessageLock').mockResolvedValue(true)
-
-      expect(userMessageQueueService.getActiveRenewalCount()).toBe(0)
-
-      const stop = await userMessageQueueService.startLockRenewal('acct-1', 'req-1')
-      expect(userMessageQueueService.getActiveRenewalCount()).toBe(1)
-
-      stop()
-      expect(userMessageQueueService.getActiveRenewalCount()).toBe(0)
-    })
-
-    it('should stop all renewal timers on service shutdown', async () => {
-      jest.spyOn(userMessageQueueService, 'getConfig').mockResolvedValue({
-        enabled: true,
-        delayMs: 200,
-        timeoutMs: 30000,
-        lockTtlMs: 120000
-      })
-      jest.spyOn(redis, 'refreshUserMessageLock').mockResolvedValue(true)
-
-      await userMessageQueueService.startLockRenewal('acct-1', 'req-1')
-      await userMessageQueueService.startLockRenewal('acct-2', 'req-2')
-      expect(userMessageQueueService.getActiveRenewalCount()).toBe(2)
-
-      userMessageQueueService.stopAllRenewalTimers()
-      expect(userMessageQueueService.getActiveRenewalCount()).toBe(0)
-    })
-  })
-
   describe('acquireQueueLock', () => {
     afterEach(() => {
       jest.restoreAllMocks()