diff --git a/src/routes/apiStats.js b/src/routes/apiStats.js
index 808d48e5..308b18c6 100644
--- a/src/routes/apiStats.js
+++ b/src/routes/apiStats.js
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ const apiKeyService = require('../services/apiKeyService')
 const CostCalculator = require('../utils/costCalculator')
 const claudeAccountService = require('../services/claudeAccountService')
 const openaiAccountService = require('../services/openaiAccountService')
+const { createClaudeTestPayload } = require('../utils/testPayloadHelper')
 
 const router = express.Router()
 
@@ -792,8 +793,8 @@ router.post('/api/batch-model-stats', async (req, res) => {
 
 // 🧪 API Key 端点测试接口 - 测试API Key是否能正常访问服务
 router.post('/api-key/test', async (req, res) => {
-  const axios = require('axios')
   const config = require('../../config/config')
+  const { sendStreamTestRequest } = require('../utils/testPayloadHelper')
 
   try {
     const { apiKey, model = 'claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929' } = req.body
@@ -805,7 +806,6 @@ router.post('/api-key/test', async (req, res) => {
       })
     }
 
-    // 基本格式验证
     if (typeof apiKey !== 'string' || apiKey.length < 10 || apiKey.length > 512) {
       return res.status(400).json({
         error: 'Invalid API key format',
@@ -813,7 +813,6 @@ router.post('/api-key/test', async (req, res) => {
       })
     }
 
-    // 首先验证API Key是否有效（不触发激活）
     const validation = await apiKeyService.validateApiKeyForStats(apiKey)
     if (!validation.valid) {
       return res.status(401).json({
@@ -824,244 +823,29 @@ router.post('/api-key/test', async (req, res) => {
 
     logger.api(`🧪 API Key test started for: ${validation.keyData.name} (${validation.keyData.id})`)
 
-    // 设置SSE响应头
-    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/event-stream')
-    res.setHeader('Cache-Control', 'no-cache')
-    res.setHeader('Connection', 'keep-alive')
-    res.setHeader('X-Accel-Buffering', 'no')
-
-    // 发送测试开始事件
-    res.write(`data: ${JSON.stringify({ type: 'test_start', message: 'Test started' })}\n\n`)
-
-    // 构建测试请求，模拟 Claude CLI 客户端
     const port = config.server.port || 3000
-    const baseURL = `http://127.0.0.1:${port}`
+    const apiUrl = `http://127.0.0.1:${port}/api/v1/messages?beta=true`
 
-    const testPayload = {
-      model,
-      messages: [
-        {
-          role: 'user',
-          content: 'hi'
-        }
-      ],
-      system: [
-        {
-          type: 'text',
-          text: "You are Claude Code, Anthropic's official CLI for Claude."
-        }
-      ],
-      max_tokens: 32000,
-      temperature: 1,
-      stream: true
-    }
-
-    const headers = {
-      'Content-Type': 'application/json',
-      'User-Agent': 'claude-cli/2.0.52 (external, cli)',
-      'x-api-key': apiKey,
-      'anthropic-version': config.claude.apiVersion || '2023-06-01'
-    }
-
-    // 向自身服务发起测试请求
-    // 使用 validateStatus 允许所有状态码通过，以便我们可以处理流式错误响应
-    const response = await axios.post(`${baseURL}/api/v1/messages`, testPayload, {
-      headers,
-      responseType: 'stream',
-      timeout: 60000, // 60秒超时
-      validateStatus: () => true // 接受所有状态码，自行处理错误
-    })
-
-    // 检查响应状态码，如果不是2xx，尝试读取错误信息
-    if (response.status >= 400) {
-      logger.error(
-        `🧪 API Key test received error status ${response.status} for: ${validation.keyData.name}`
-      )
-
-      // 尝试从流中读取错误信息
-      let errorBody = ''
-      for await (const chunk of response.data) {
-        errorBody += chunk.toString()
-      }
-
-      let errorMessage = `HTTP ${response.status}`
-      try {
-        // 尝试解析SSE格式的错误
-        const lines = errorBody.split('\n')
-        for (const line of lines) {
-          if (line.startsWith('data: ')) {
-            const dataStr = line.substring(6).trim()
-            if (dataStr && dataStr !== '[DONE]') {
-              const data = JSON.parse(dataStr)
-              if (data.error?.message) {
-                errorMessage = data.error.message
-                break
-              } else if (data.message) {
-                errorMessage = data.message
-                break
-              } else if (typeof data.error === 'string') {
-                errorMessage = data.error
-                break
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        }
-        // 如果不是SSE格式，尝试直接解析JSON
-        if (errorMessage === `HTTP ${response.status}`) {
-          const jsonError = JSON.parse(errorBody)
-          errorMessage =
-            jsonError.error?.message || jsonError.message || jsonError.error || errorMessage
-        }
-      } catch {
-        // 解析失败，使用原始错误体或默认消息
-        if (errorBody && errorBody.length < 500) {
-          errorMessage = errorBody
-        }
-      }
-
-      res.write(`data: ${JSON.stringify({ type: 'error', error: errorMessage })}\n\n`)
-      res.write(
-        `data: ${JSON.stringify({ type: 'test_complete', success: false, error: errorMessage })}\n\n`
-      )
-      res.end()
-      return
-    }
-
-    let receivedContent = ''
-    let testSuccess = false
-    let upstreamError = null
-
-    // 处理流式响应
-    response.data.on('data', (chunk) => {
-      const lines = chunk.toString().split('\n')
-
-      for (const line of lines) {
-        if (line.startsWith('data: ')) {
-          const dataStr = line.substring(6).trim()
-          if (dataStr === '[DONE]') {
-            continue
-          }
-
-          try {
-            const data = JSON.parse(dataStr)
-
-            // 检查上游返回的错误事件
-            if (data.type === 'error' || data.error) {
-              let errorMsg = 'Unknown upstream error'
-
-              // 优先从 data.error 提取（如果是对象，获取其 message）
-              if (typeof data.error === 'object' && data.error?.message) {
-                errorMsg = data.error.message
-              } else if (typeof data.error === 'string' && data.error !== 'Claude API error') {
-                // 如果 error 是字符串且不是通用错误，直接使用
-                errorMsg = data.error
-              } else if (data.details) {
-                // 尝试从 details 字段解析详细错误（claudeRelayService 格式）
-                try {
-                  const details =
-                    typeof data.details === 'string' ? JSON.parse(data.details) : data.details
-                  if (details.error?.message) {
-                    errorMsg = details.error.message
-                  } else if (details.message) {
-                    errorMsg = details.message
-                  }
-                } catch {
-                  // details 不是有效 JSON，尝试直接使用
-                  if (typeof data.details === 'string' && data.details.length < 500) {
-                    errorMsg = data.details
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (data.message) {
-                errorMsg = data.message
-              }
-
-              // 添加状态码信息（如果有）
-              if (data.status && errorMsg !== 'Unknown upstream error') {
-                errorMsg = `[${data.status}] ${errorMsg}`
-              }
-
-              upstreamError = errorMsg
-              logger.error(`🧪 Upstream error in test for: ${validation.keyData.name}:`, errorMsg)
-              res.write(`data: ${JSON.stringify({ type: 'error', error: errorMsg })}\n\n`)
-              continue
-            }
-
-            // 提取文本内容
-            if (data.type === 'content_block_delta' && data.delta?.text) {
-              receivedContent += data.delta.text
-              res.write(`data: ${JSON.stringify({ type: 'content', text: data.delta.text })}\n\n`)
-            }
-
-            // 消息结束
-            if (data.type === 'message_stop') {
-              testSuccess = true
-              res.write(`data: ${JSON.stringify({ type: 'message_stop' })}\n\n`)
-            }
-          } catch {
-            // 忽略解析错误
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    })
-
-    response.data.on('end', () => {
-      // 如果有上游错误，标记为失败
-      if (upstreamError) {
-        testSuccess = false
-      }
-
-      logger.api(
-        `🧪 API Key test completed for: ${validation.keyData.name}, success: ${testSuccess}, content length: ${receivedContent.length}${upstreamError ? `, error: ${upstreamError}` : ''}`
-      )
-      res.write(
-        `data: ${JSON.stringify({
-          type: 'test_complete',
-          success: testSuccess,
-          contentLength: receivedContent.length,
-          error: upstreamError || undefined
-        })}\n\n`
-      )
-      res.end()
-    })
-
-    response.data.on('error', (err) => {
-      logger.error(`🧪 API Key test stream error for: ${validation.keyData.name}`, err)
-
-      // 如果已经捕获了上游错误，优先使用那个
-      let errorMsg = upstreamError || err.message || 'Stream error'
-
-      // 如果错误消息是通用的 "Claude API error: xxx"，提供更友好的提示
-      if (errorMsg.startsWith('Claude API error:') && upstreamError) {
-        errorMsg = upstreamError
-      }
-
-      res.write(`data: ${JSON.stringify({ type: 'error', error: errorMsg })}\n\n`)
-      res.write(
-        `data: ${JSON.stringify({ type: 'test_complete', success: false, error: errorMsg })}\n\n`
-      )
-      res.end()
-    })
-
-    // 处理客户端断开连接
-    req.on('close', () => {
-      if (!res.writableEnded) {
-        response.data.destroy()
-      }
+    await sendStreamTestRequest({
+      apiUrl,
+      authorization: apiKey,
+      responseStream: res,
+      payload: createClaudeTestPayload(model, { stream: true }),
+      timeout: 60000,
+      extraHeaders: { 'x-api-key': apiKey }
     })
   } catch (error) {
     logger.error('❌ API Key test failed:', error)
 
-    // 如果还未发送响应头，返回JSON错误
     if (!res.headersSent) {
       return res.status(500).json({
         error: 'Test failed',
-        message: error.response?.data?.error?.message || error.message || 'Internal server error'
+        message: error.message || 'Internal server error'
       })
     }
 
-    // 如果已经是SSE流，发送错误事件
     res.write(
-      `data: ${JSON.stringify({ type: 'error', error: error.response?.data?.error?.message || error.message || 'Test failed' })}\n\n`
+      `data: ${JSON.stringify({ type: 'error', error: error.message || 'Test failed' })}\n\n`
     )
     res.end()
   }
diff --git a/src/services/claudeConsoleRelayService.js b/src/services/claudeConsoleRelayService.js
index 5f01cfc2..436adf1c 100644
--- a/src/services/claudeConsoleRelayService.js
+++ b/src/services/claudeConsoleRelayService.js
@@ -1113,55 +1113,11 @@ class ClaudeConsoleRelayService {
     }
   }
 
-  // 🧪 测试账号连接（供Admin API使用，独立处理以确保错误时也返回SSE格式）
+  // 🧪 测试账号连接（供Admin API使用）
   async testAccountConnection(accountId, responseStream) {
-    const testRequestBody = {
-      model: 'claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929',
-      max_tokens: 32000,
-      stream: true,
-      messages: [
-        {
-          role: 'user',
-          content: 'hi'
-        }
-      ],
-      system: [
-        {
-          type: 'text',
-          text: "You are Claude Code, Anthropic's official CLI for Claude."
-        }
-      ]
-    }
-
-    // 辅助函数：发送 SSE 事件
-    const sendSSEEvent = (type, data) => {
-      if (!responseStream.destroyed && !responseStream.writableEnded) {
-        try {
-          responseStream.write(`data: ${JSON.stringify({ type, ...data })}\n\n`)
-        } catch {
-          // 忽略写入错误
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    // 辅助函数：结束测试并关闭流
-    const endTest = (success, error = null) => {
-      if (!responseStream.destroyed && !responseStream.writableEnded) {
-        try {
-          if (success) {
-            sendSSEEvent('test_complete', { success: true })
-          } else {
-            sendSSEEvent('test_complete', { success: false, error: error || '测试失败' })
-          }
-          responseStream.end()
-        } catch {
-          // 忽略写入错误
-        }
-      }
-    }
+    const { sendStreamTestRequest } = require('../utils/testPayloadHelper')
 
     try {
-      // 获取账户信息
       const account = await claudeConsoleAccountService.getAccount(accountId)
       if (!account) {
         throw new Error('Account not found')
@@ -1169,178 +1125,32 @@ class ClaudeConsoleRelayService {
 
       logger.info(`🧪 Testing Claude Console account connection: ${account.name} (${accountId})`)
 
-      // 创建代理agent
-      const proxyAgent = claudeConsoleAccountService._createProxyAgent(account.proxy)
-
-      // 设置响应头
-      if (!responseStream.headersSent) {
-        responseStream.writeHead(200, {
-          'Content-Type': 'text/event-stream',
-          'Cache-Control': 'no-cache',
-          Connection: 'keep-alive',
-          'X-Accel-Buffering': 'no'
-        })
-      }
-
-      // 发送测试开始事件
-      sendSSEEvent('test_start', {})
-
-      // 构建完整的API URL
       const cleanUrl = account.apiUrl.replace(/\/$/, '')
-      const apiEndpoint = cleanUrl.endsWith('/v1/messages') ? cleanUrl : `${cleanUrl}/v1/messages`
+      const apiUrl = cleanUrl.endsWith('/v1/messages')
+        ? cleanUrl
+        : `${cleanUrl}/v1/messages?beta=true`
 
-      // 决定使用的 User-Agent
-      const userAgent = account.userAgent || this.defaultUserAgent
-
-      // 准备请求配置
-      const requestConfig = {
-        method: 'POST',
-        url: apiEndpoint,
-        data: testRequestBody,
-        headers: {
-          'Content-Type': 'application/json',
-          'anthropic-version': '2023-06-01',
-          'User-Agent': userAgent
-        },
-        timeout: 30000, // 测试请求使用较短超时
-        responseType: 'stream',
-        validateStatus: () => true
-      }
-
-      if (proxyAgent) {
-        requestConfig.httpAgent = proxyAgent
-        requestConfig.httpsAgent = proxyAgent
-        requestConfig.proxy = false
-      }
-
-      // 设置认证方式
-      if (account.apiKey && account.apiKey.startsWith('sk-ant-')) {
-        requestConfig.headers['x-api-key'] = account.apiKey
-      } else {
-        requestConfig.headers['Authorization'] = `Bearer ${account.apiKey}`
-      }
-
-      // 发送请求
-      const response = await axios(requestConfig)
-
-      logger.debug(`🌊 Claude Console test response status: ${response.status}`)
-
-      // 处理非200响应
-      if (response.status !== 200) {
-        logger.error(
-          `❌ Claude Console API returned error status: ${response.status} | Account: ${account?.name || accountId}`
-        )
-
-        // 收集错误响应数据
-        return new Promise((resolve) => {
-          const errorChunks = []
-
-          response.data.on('data', (chunk) => {
-            errorChunks.push(chunk)
-          })
-
-          response.data.on('end', () => {
-            try {
-              const fullErrorData = Buffer.concat(errorChunks).toString()
-              logger.error(
-                `📝 [Test] Upstream error response from ${account?.name || accountId}: ${fullErrorData.substring(0, 500)}`
-              )
-
-              // 尝试解析错误信息
-              let errorMessage = `API Error: ${response.status}`
-              try {
-                const errorJson = JSON.parse(fullErrorData)
-                // 直接提取所有可能的错误信息字段
-                errorMessage =
-                  errorJson.message ||
-                  errorJson.error?.message ||
-                  errorJson.statusMessage ||
-                  errorJson.error ||
-                  (typeof errorJson === 'string' ? errorJson : JSON.stringify(errorJson))
-              } catch {
-                errorMessage = fullErrorData.substring(0, 200) || `API Error: ${response.status}`
-              }
-
-              endTest(false, errorMessage)
-              resolve()
-            } catch {
-              endTest(false, `API Error: ${response.status}`)
-              resolve()
-            }
-          })
-
-          response.data.on('error', (err) => {
-            endTest(false, err.message || '流读取错误')
-            resolve()
-          })
-        })
-      }
-
-      // 处理成功的流式响应
-      return new Promise((resolve) => {
-        let buffer = ''
-
-        response.data.on('data', (chunk) => {
-          try {
-            buffer += chunk.toString()
-            const lines = buffer.split('\n')
-            buffer = lines.pop() || ''
-
-            for (const line of lines) {
-              if (!line.startsWith('data: ')) {
-                continue
-              }
-
-              const jsonStr = line.substring(6).trim()
-              if (!jsonStr || jsonStr === '[DONE]') {
-                continue
-              }
-
-              try {
-                const data = JSON.parse(jsonStr)
-
-                // 转换 content_block_delta 为 content
-                if (data.type === 'content_block_delta' && data.delta && data.delta.text) {
-                  sendSSEEvent('content', { text: data.delta.text })
-                }
-
-                // 处理消息完成
-                if (data.type === 'message_stop') {
-                  endTest(true)
-                }
-
-                // 处理错误事件
-                if (data.type === 'error') {
-                  const errorMsg = data.error?.message || data.message || '未知错误'
-                  endTest(false, errorMsg)
-                }
-              } catch {
-                // 忽略解析错误
-              }
-            }
-          } catch {
-            // 忽略处理错误
-          }
-        })
-
-        response.data.on('end', () => {
-          logger.info(`✅ Test request completed for account: ${account.name}`)
-          // 如果还没结束，发送完成事件
-          if (!responseStream.destroyed && !responseStream.writableEnded) {
-            endTest(true)
-          }
-          resolve()
-        })
-
-        response.data.on('error', (err) => {
-          logger.error(`❌ Test stream error:`, err)
-          endTest(false, err.message || '流处理错误')
-          resolve()
-        })
+      await sendStreamTestRequest({
+        apiUrl,
+        authorization: `Bearer ${account.apiKey}`,
+        responseStream,
+        proxyAgent: claudeConsoleAccountService._createProxyAgent(account.proxy),
+        extraHeaders: account.userAgent ? { 'User-Agent': account.userAgent } : {}
       })
     } catch (error) {
       logger.error(`❌ Test account connection failed:`, error)
-      endTest(false, error.message || '测试失败')
+      if (!responseStream.headersSent) {
+        responseStream.writeHead(200, {
+          'Content-Type': 'text/event-stream',
+          'Cache-Control': 'no-cache'
+        })
+      }
+      if (!responseStream.destroyed && !responseStream.writableEnded) {
+        responseStream.write(
+          `data: ${JSON.stringify({ type: 'test_complete', success: false, error: error.message })}\n\n`
+        )
+        responseStream.end()
+      }
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/services/claudeRelayService.js b/src/services/claudeRelayService.js
index ddf75f4e..2fd853a7 100644
--- a/src/services/claudeRelayService.js
+++ b/src/services/claudeRelayService.js
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ const redis = require('../models/redis')
 const ClaudeCodeValidator = require('../validators/clients/claudeCodeValidator')
 const { formatDateWithTimezone } = require('../utils/dateHelper')
 const requestIdentityService = require('./requestIdentityService')
+const { createClaudeTestPayload } = require('../utils/testPayloadHelper')
 
 class ClaudeRelayService {
   constructor() {
@@ -2244,26 +2245,7 @@ class ClaudeRelayService {
 
   // 🧪 测试账号连接（供Admin API使用，直接复用 _makeClaudeStreamRequestWithUsageCapture）
   async testAccountConnection(accountId, responseStream) {
-    const testRequestBody = {
-      model: 'claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929',
-      max_tokens: 100,
-      stream: true,
-      system: [
-        {
-          type: 'text',
-          text: this.claudeCodeSystemPrompt,
-          cache_control: {
-            type: 'ephemeral'
-          }
-        }
-      ],
-      messages: [
-        {
-          role: 'user',
-          content: 'hi'
-        }
-      ]
-    }
+    const testRequestBody = createClaudeTestPayload('claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929', { stream: true })
 
     try {
       // 获取账户信息
diff --git a/src/utils/testPayloadHelper.js b/src/utils/testPayloadHelper.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c5e2ed41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/testPayloadHelper.js
@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+const crypto = require('crypto')
+
+/**
+ * 生成随机十六进制字符串
+ * @param {number} bytes - 字节数
+ * @returns {string} 十六进制字符串
+ */
+function randomHex(bytes = 32) {
+  return crypto.randomBytes(bytes).toString('hex')
+}
+
+/**
+ * 生成 Claude Code 风格的会话字符串
+ * @returns {string} 会话字符串，格式: user_{64位hex}_account__session_{uuid}
+ */
+function generateSessionString() {
+  const hex64 = randomHex(32) // 32 bytes => 64 hex characters
+  const uuid = crypto.randomUUID()
+  return `user_${hex64}_account__session_${uuid}`
+}
+
+/**
+ * 生成 Claude 测试请求体
+ * @param {string} model - 模型名称
+ * @param {object} options - 可选配置
+ * @param {boolean} options.stream - 是否流式（默认false）
+ * @returns {object} 测试请求体
+ */
+function createClaudeTestPayload(model = 'claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929', options = {}) {
+  const payload = {
+    model,
+    messages: [
+      {
+        role: 'user',
+        content: [
+          {
+            type: 'text',
+            text: 'hi',
+            cache_control: {
+              type: 'ephemeral'
+            }
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    ],
+    system: [
+      {
+        type: 'text',
+        text: "You are Claude Code, Anthropic's official CLI for Claude.",
+        cache_control: {
+          type: 'ephemeral'
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    metadata: {
+      user_id: generateSessionString()
+    },
+    max_tokens: 21333,
+    temperature: 1
+  }
+
+  if (options.stream) {
+    payload.stream = true
+  }
+
+  return payload
+}
+
+/**
+ * 发送流式测试请求并处理SSE响应
+ * @param {object} options - 配置选项
+ * @param {string} options.apiUrl - API URL
+ * @param {string} options.authorization - Authorization header值
+ * @param {object} options.responseStream - Express响应流
+ * @param {object} [options.payload] - 请求体（默认使用createClaudeTestPayload）
+ * @param {object} [options.proxyAgent] - 代理agent
+ * @param {number} [options.timeout] - 超时时间（默认30000）
+ * @param {object} [options.extraHeaders] - 额外的请求头
+ * @returns {Promise<void>}
+ */
+async function sendStreamTestRequest(options) {
+  const axios = require('axios')
+  const logger = require('./logger')
+
+  const {
+    apiUrl,
+    authorization,
+    responseStream,
+    payload = createClaudeTestPayload('claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929', { stream: true }),
+    proxyAgent = null,
+    timeout = 30000,
+    extraHeaders = {}
+  } = options
+
+  const sendSSE = (type, data = {}) => {
+    if (!responseStream.destroyed && !responseStream.writableEnded) {
+      try {
+        responseStream.write(`data: ${JSON.stringify({ type, ...data })}\n\n`)
+      } catch {
+        // ignore
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  const endTest = (success, error = null) => {
+    if (!responseStream.destroyed && !responseStream.writableEnded) {
+      try {
+        responseStream.write(
+          `data: ${JSON.stringify({ type: 'test_complete', success, error: error || undefined })}\n\n`
+        )
+        responseStream.end()
+      } catch {
+        // ignore
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // 设置响应头
+  if (!responseStream.headersSent) {
+    responseStream.writeHead(200, {
+      'Content-Type': 'text/event-stream',
+      'Cache-Control': 'no-cache',
+      Connection: 'keep-alive',
+      'X-Accel-Buffering': 'no'
+    })
+  }
+
+  sendSSE('test_start', { message: 'Test started' })
+
+  const requestConfig = {
+    method: 'POST',
+    url: apiUrl,
+    data: payload,
+    headers: {
+      'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+      'anthropic-version': '2023-06-01',
+      'User-Agent': 'claude-cli/2.0.52 (external, cli)',
+      authorization,
+      ...extraHeaders
+    },
+    timeout,
+    responseType: 'stream',
+    validateStatus: () => true
+  }
+
+  if (proxyAgent) {
+    requestConfig.httpAgent = proxyAgent
+    requestConfig.httpsAgent = proxyAgent
+    requestConfig.proxy = false
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const response = await axios(requestConfig)
+    logger.debug(`🌊 Test response status: ${response.status}`)
+
+    // 处理非200响应
+    if (response.status !== 200) {
+      return new Promise((resolve) => {
+        const chunks = []
+        response.data.on('data', (chunk) => chunks.push(chunk))
+        response.data.on('end', () => {
+          const errorData = Buffer.concat(chunks).toString()
+          let errorMsg = `API Error: ${response.status}`
+          try {
+            const json = JSON.parse(errorData)
+            errorMsg = json.message || json.error?.message || json.error || errorMsg
+          } catch {
+            if (errorData.length < 200) {
+              errorMsg = errorData || errorMsg
+            }
+          }
+          endTest(false, errorMsg)
+          resolve()
+        })
+        response.data.on('error', (err) => {
+          endTest(false, err.message)
+          resolve()
+        })
+      })
+    }
+
+    // 处理成功的流式响应
+    return new Promise((resolve) => {
+      let buffer = ''
+
+      response.data.on('data', (chunk) => {
+        buffer += chunk.toString()
+        const lines = buffer.split('\n')
+        buffer = lines.pop() || ''
+
+        for (const line of lines) {
+          if (!line.startsWith('data:')) {
+            continue
+          }
+          const jsonStr = line.substring(5).trim()
+          if (!jsonStr || jsonStr === '[DONE]') {
+            continue
+          }
+
+          try {
+            const data = JSON.parse(jsonStr)
+
+            if (data.type === 'content_block_delta' && data.delta?.text) {
+              sendSSE('content', { text: data.delta.text })
+            }
+            if (data.type === 'message_stop') {
+              sendSSE('message_stop')
+            }
+            if (data.type === 'error' || data.error) {
+              const errMsg = data.error?.message || data.message || data.error || 'Unknown error'
+              sendSSE('error', { error: errMsg })
+            }
+          } catch {
+            // ignore parse errors
+          }
+        }
+      })
+
+      response.data.on('end', () => {
+        if (!responseStream.destroyed && !responseStream.writableEnded) {
+          endTest(true)
+        }
+        resolve()
+      })
+
+      response.data.on('error', (err) => {
+        endTest(false, err.message)
+        resolve()
+      })
+    })
+  } catch (error) {
+    logger.error('❌ Stream test request failed:', error.message)
+    endTest(false, error.message)
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  randomHex,
+  generateSessionString,
+  createClaudeTestPayload,
+  sendStreamTestRequest
+}