diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 640e5ec6a..133f59090 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -23,3 +23,4 @@ web/bun.lock
 electron/node_modules
 electron/dist
 data/
+.gomodcache/
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/controller/channel-test.go b/controller/channel-test.go
index 1c77fb030..f9657edbd 100644
--- a/controller/channel-test.go
+++ b/controller/channel-test.go
@@ -97,6 +97,11 @@ func testChannel(channel *model.Channel, testModel string, endpointType string)
 		if channel.Type == constant.ChannelTypeVolcEngine && strings.Contains(testModel, "seedream") {
 			requestPath = "/v1/images/generations"
 		}
+
+		// responses-only models
+		if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(testModel), "codex") {
+			requestPath = "/v1/responses"
+		}
 	}
 
 	c.Request = &http.Request{
@@ -176,7 +181,7 @@ func testChannel(channel *model.Channel, testModel string, endpointType string)
 		}
 	}
 
-	request := buildTestRequest(testModel, endpointType)
+	request := buildTestRequest(testModel, endpointType, channel)
 
 	info, err := relaycommon.GenRelayInfo(c, relayFormat, request, nil)
 
@@ -319,6 +324,16 @@ func testChannel(channel *model.Channel, testModel string, endpointType string)
 		httpResp = resp.(*http.Response)
 		if httpResp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
 			err := service.RelayErrorHandler(c.Request.Context(), httpResp, true)
+			common.SysError(fmt.Sprintf(
+				"channel test bad response: channel_id=%d name=%s type=%d model=%s endpoint_type=%s status=%d err=%v",
+				channel.Id,
+				channel.Name,
+				channel.Type,
+				testModel,
+				endpointType,
+				httpResp.StatusCode,
+				err,
+			))
 			return testResult{
 				context:     c,
 				localErr:    err,
@@ -389,7 +404,7 @@ func testChannel(channel *model.Channel, testModel string, endpointType string)
 	}
 }
 
-func buildTestRequest(model string, endpointType string) dto.Request {
+func buildTestRequest(model string, endpointType string, channel *model.Channel) dto.Request {
 	// 根据端点类型构建不同的测试请求
 	if endpointType != "" {
 		switch constant.EndpointType(endpointType) {
@@ -423,7 +438,7 @@ func buildTestRequest(model string, endpointType string) dto.Request {
 			}
 		case constant.EndpointTypeAnthropic, constant.EndpointTypeGemini, constant.EndpointTypeOpenAI:
 			// 返回 GeneralOpenAIRequest
-			maxTokens := uint(10)
+			maxTokens := uint(16)
 			if constant.EndpointType(endpointType) == constant.EndpointTypeGemini {
 				maxTokens = 3000
 			}
@@ -453,6 +468,14 @@ func buildTestRequest(model string, endpointType string) dto.Request {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Responses-only models (e.g. codex series)
+	if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(model), "codex") {
+		return &dto.OpenAIResponsesRequest{
+			Model: model,
+			Input: json.RawMessage("\"hi\""),
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Chat/Completion 请求 - 返回 GeneralOpenAIRequest
 	testRequest := &dto.GeneralOpenAIRequest{
 		Model:  model,
@@ -466,7 +489,7 @@ func buildTestRequest(model string, endpointType string) dto.Request {
 	}
 
 	if strings.HasPrefix(model, "o") {
-		testRequest.MaxCompletionTokens = 10
+		testRequest.MaxCompletionTokens = 16
 	} else if strings.Contains(model, "thinking") {
 		if !strings.Contains(model, "claude") {
 			testRequest.MaxTokens = 50
@@ -474,7 +497,7 @@ func buildTestRequest(model string, endpointType string) dto.Request {
 	} else if strings.Contains(model, "gemini") {
 		testRequest.MaxTokens = 3000
 	} else {
-		testRequest.MaxTokens = 10
+		testRequest.MaxTokens = 16
 	}
 
 	return testRequest
diff --git a/dto/error.go b/dto/error.go
index cf00d6772..78197765b 100644
--- a/dto/error.go
+++ b/dto/error.go
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ type GeneralErrorResponse struct {
 	Msg      string          `json:"msg"`
 	Err      string          `json:"err"`
 	ErrorMsg string          `json:"error_msg"`
+	Metadata json.RawMessage   `json:"metadata,omitempty"`
 	Header   struct {
 		Message string `json:"message"`
 	} `json:"header"`
diff --git a/service/error.go b/service/error.go
index 9e517e85a..889964beb 100644
--- a/service/error.go
+++ b/service/error.go
@@ -90,11 +90,17 @@ func RelayErrorHandler(ctx context.Context, resp *http.Response, showBodyWhenFai
 	}
 	CloseResponseBodyGracefully(resp)
 	var errResponse dto.GeneralErrorResponse
+	buildErrWithBody := func(message string) error {
+		if message == "" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("bad response status code %d, body: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(responseBody))
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("bad response status code %d, message: %s, body: %s", resp.StatusCode, message, string(responseBody))
+	}
 
 	err = common.Unmarshal(responseBody, &errResponse)
 	if err != nil {
 		if showBodyWhenFail {
-			newApiErr.Err = fmt.Errorf("bad response status code %d, body: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(responseBody))
+			newApiErr.Err = buildErrWithBody("")
 		} else {
 			logger.LogError(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("bad response status code %d, body: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(responseBody)))
 			newApiErr.Err = fmt.Errorf("bad response status code %d", resp.StatusCode)
@@ -107,10 +113,16 @@ func RelayErrorHandler(ctx context.Context, resp *http.Response, showBodyWhenFai
 		oaiError := errResponse.TryToOpenAIError()
 		if oaiError != nil {
 			newApiErr = types.WithOpenAIError(*oaiError, resp.StatusCode)
+			if showBodyWhenFail {
+				newApiErr.Err = buildErrWithBody(newApiErr.Error())
+			}
 			return
 		}
 	}
 	newApiErr = types.NewOpenAIError(errors.New(errResponse.ToMessage()), types.ErrorCodeBadResponseStatusCode, resp.StatusCode)
+	if showBodyWhenFail {
+		newApiErr.Err = buildErrWithBody(newApiErr.Error())
+	}
 	return
 }
 
diff --git a/types/error.go b/types/error.go
index 3bfd0399a..b060a9db6 100644
--- a/types/error.go
+++ b/types/error.go
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package types
 
 import (
+	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
@@ -10,10 +11,11 @@ import (
 )
 
 type OpenAIError struct {
-	Message string `json:"message"`
-	Type    string `json:"type"`
-	Param   string `json:"param"`
-	Code    any    `json:"code"`
+	Message  string          `json:"message"`
+	Type     string          `json:"type"`
+	Param    string          `json:"param"`
+	Code     any             `json:"code"`
+	Metadata json.RawMessage `json:"metadata,omitempty"`
 }
 
 type ClaudeError struct {
@@ -92,6 +94,7 @@ type NewAPIError struct {
 	errorType      ErrorType
 	errorCode      ErrorCode
 	StatusCode     int
+	Metadata       json.RawMessage
 }
 
 // Unwrap enables errors.Is / errors.As to work with NewAPIError by exposing the underlying error.
@@ -301,6 +304,13 @@ func WithOpenAIError(openAIError OpenAIError, statusCode int, ops ...NewAPIError
 		Err:        errors.New(openAIError.Message),
 		errorCode:  ErrorCode(code),
 	}
+	// OpenRouter
+	if len(openAIError.Metadata) > 0 {
+		openAIError.Message = fmt.Sprintf("%s (%s)", openAIError.Message, openAIError.Metadata)
+		e.Metadata = openAIError.Metadata
+		e.RelayError = openAIError
+		e.Err = errors.New(openAIError.Message)
+	}
 	for _, op := range ops {
 		op(e)
 	}