diff --git a/src/browser/config.test.ts b/src/browser/config.test.ts
index cc3bffeaa14..f19682abf11 100644
--- a/src/browser/config.test.ts
+++ b/src/browser/config.test.ts
@@ -149,4 +149,37 @@ describe("browser config", () => {
     expect(resolveProfile(resolved, "chrome")).toBe(null);
     expect(resolved.defaultProfile).toBe("openclaw");
   });
+
+  it("defaults extraArgs to empty array when not provided", () => {
+    const resolved = resolveBrowserConfig(undefined);
+    expect(resolved.extraArgs).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it("passes through valid extraArgs strings", () => {
+    const resolved = resolveBrowserConfig({
+      extraArgs: ["--no-sandbox", "--disable-gpu"],
+    });
+    expect(resolved.extraArgs).toEqual(["--no-sandbox", "--disable-gpu"]);
+  });
+
+  it("filters out empty strings and whitespace-only entries from extraArgs", () => {
+    const resolved = resolveBrowserConfig({
+      extraArgs: ["--flag", "", "  ", "--other"],
+    });
+    expect(resolved.extraArgs).toEqual(["--flag", "--other"]);
+  });
+
+  it("filters out non-string entries from extraArgs", () => {
+    const resolved = resolveBrowserConfig({
+      extraArgs: ["--flag", 42, null, undefined, true, "--other"] as unknown as string[],
+    });
+    expect(resolved.extraArgs).toEqual(["--flag", "--other"]);
+  });
+
+  it("defaults extraArgs to empty array when set to non-array", () => {
+    const resolved = resolveBrowserConfig({
+      extraArgs: "not-an-array" as unknown as string[],
+    });
+    expect(resolved.extraArgs).toEqual([]);
+  });
 });